The notion that SCADA systems are air gapped, closed ecosystems is 40 years out of date. I've had hundreds of plant engineers and SCADA operators tell me that

The notion that SCADA systems are air gapped, closed ecosystems is 40 years out of date. I've had hundreds of plant engineers and SCADA operators tell me that their systems were "not connected to anything" and every single one of them was wrong. Whether it's an old 2400 baud modem on a spare port on the RTU or "serial" comms being multiplexed across IP or MPLS networks or the unlicensed TeamViewer install for vendor support, there is always a "well except ..."