IMO this article really does language learners a disservice by stopping before at least mentioning stringer, which is even more critical to cleaning this up tha

IMO this article really does language learners a disservice by stopping before at least mentioning stringer, which is even more critical to cleaning this up than iota (which does get a mention). It doesn't only generate most of the boilerplate code but does so in a safer and more efficient manner. On the other hand, the efficiency concern it presents is real, and just repeating "sum types" is not, alone, enough to address it. Many languages with sum types would still store, and even more still serialize, a string.