It's not a fact if it isn't true. Disinformation and misinformation both often take the form of something stated factually. So there must necessarily be some ju

It's not a fact if it isn't true. Disinformation and misinformation both often take the form of something stated factually. So there must necessarily be some judgment and evaluation of the truth value of everything they report. There is also the judgment involved in deciding what to report: there is an infinity of things that happen every day. There is no avoiding the need for judgment in news reporting. Any process of judgement may be biased. An institution may itself have biases, and these will make there way in the judgments made there. The idea that news organizations can simply and objectively report on facts and world events is functionally impossible. What you want are honest judgements made with an awareness of potential bias, knowing it can never be completely removed. As consumers of news, we should look for the organizations that seek to do that, and preferably read/view a variety of they present to us a more complete picture despite the differences in the judgements they make.