Usufruct makes this a difficult & poor measure, also. Even well-off (but far from wealthy) people - think contractors on say USD$200-500k / year - can architec

Usufruct makes this a difficult & poor measure, also. Even well-off (but far from wealthy) people - think contractors on say USD$200-500k / year - can architect their financial arrangements via a Pty Ltd / LLC to minimise on-paper income as well as expenditure. Enjoying full use of an asset to which you, personally, have no ownership and no cost of maintenance, confounds assessments of this demographic all the way through to the private-jet crowd.