There are multiple layers of encoding to mitigate this. CCSDS [0] is very widely used for satellite communications, and a Google image search for CCSDS protocol

There are multiple layers of encoding to mitigate this. CCSDS [0] is very widely used for satellite communications, and a Google image search for CCSDS protocols [1] will give you a quick view of the protocol stack (which can vary a lot as different CCSDS protocols are used in different applications). [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consultative_Committee_for_Space_Data_Systems https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consultative_Committee_for_Spa... [1] https://www.google.com/search?q=ccsds+protocols&source=lnms&tbm=isch https://www.google.com/search?q=ccsds+protocols&source=lnms&... Edited to add: I'm not making any claims on what protocols Starlink uses specifically. Just describing the general approach.