In the USA, monitoring is heavily dependent on the amateur radio community, both informally (average operators encountering, then reporting bad actors) and form

In the USA, monitoring is heavily dependent on the amateur radio community, both informally (average operators encountering, then reporting bad actors) and formally via ARRL's volunteer monitoring program (see: http://www.arrl.org/volunteer-monitor-program http://www.arrl.org/volunteer-monitor-program)