If you had used one of the $10 USD Webauthn (aka U2F) tokens, it wouldn't have asked you to install any applications. The "problem" is the expensive Yubikeys t

If you had used one of the $10 USD Webauthn (aka U2F) tokens, it wouldn't have asked you to install any applications. The "problem" is the expensive Yubikeys that you were whining about has lots of extra functionality that has nothing to do with U2F, and that's what the extra applications are all about. I happen to use a Yubikey because I want that extra functionality, including using it to secure the keys I use for ssh and for digitally signing git tags so I can securely push git pull requests. But that's because I'm a developer, and it's why I'm happy to purchase multiple Yubikeys (one for my desktop, one for laptop, backups including one that is on a keychain, etc.) Perhaps you were reading web sites that was giving advice for developers as opposed to for consumers?