> China overthrew its monarchy in 1911. Hundreds of thousands died. So you say every time there is a revolt and one government is replaced with another it mean

> China overthrew its monarchy in 1911. Hundreds of thousands died. So you say every time there is a revolt and one government is replaced with another it means a fundamentally different way of governing people, different political system? The reality is that nothing really changed and China and, again, I will invoke "On Origins of Political Order" because it is very well explained there. Just because a monarchy has been replaced with Mao (de facto monarch) and then with single party doesn't mean people gained any rights. While people in western world were slowly getting more rights (shifting from a absolute monarch to rule of law to concept of human rights) nothing of that sort happened in China. Think of communist party as a collection of princes that band together to govern a huge mass of people but not for the good of the people, but rather for the good of the party (collection of princes). Where those goals coincide this results in goals for the good of the people but where they do not, this will result in killings, mass incarcerations, etc.