That’s right, the south wanted 1 and the north wanted 0. What I’m saying is that it “increased” the representation versus 0. Which is equivalent to your formul

That’s right, the south wanted 1 and the north wanted 0. What I’m saying is that it “increased” the representation versus 0. Which is equivalent to your formulation that it “decreased” the representation from 1. In other words, 3/5 is more than zero and less than 1. No disagreement here. My point is that it wasn’t about giving rights to black people, it was an argument about how much representation slave owners would have.