This is of course a matter of opinion, but for me, seems like there are three sides to this: 1) Knowledge of the core theories of computers: core ideas of comp

This is of course a matter of opinion, but for me, seems like there are three sides to this: 1) Knowledge of the core theories of computers: core ideas of computer architecture, good understanding of computational complexity (how long a program will take to run), networking... 2) Knowledge of software technologies: Python, Javascript, Java, C, Docker, Functional Programming, Object-Oriented Programming... 3) Knowledge of software engineering concepts: Software architecture, software process (agile, requirements gathering, testing), software complexity (and how to minimize it through good architecture and processes), general engineering principles (redundancy, fault-tolerance, solving problems early in the dev process...). To me at least, the one that is neglected the most is the third one, "software-engineering concepts." Being able to think about systems at a high-level and well at the detail-level is one the most useful skills for an engineer.