banks have fees that they charge on top of the base rate, so they still earn money. But anyway, the way negative/zero interest rates work is: if you can get mo

banks have fees that they charge on top of the base rate, so they still earn money. But anyway, the way negative/zero interest rates work is: if you can get money lent to you at X, you can lend it to someone else at X+1. Currently, some entities can get money with negative/zero interest rates, and so can re-lend it at zero and still make a profit.