For native Android you 100% have access to an Android "device id". I set this up on an Android app we delivered. There's even companies that pay other Android a

For native Android you 100% have access to an Android "device id". I set this up on an Android app we delivered. There's even companies that pay other Android apps to host their code inside the app, co-related that ID to other data available to the web (e.g. IP address, installed fonts, etc) to provide a very good guess of a user's device id via the web. Apple had something similar, but you're right they're starting to turn it off. In my past life in Adtech we noticed the click through rate of users with Android user agents were a lot higher on certain campaigns than iOS users for this reason.