There are on device or even in browser renderers that only need remote or locally stored vector data to render the map. This moves the burde of rendering to use

There are on device or even in browser renderers that only need remote or locally stored vector data to render the map. This moves the burde of rendering to user devices that should be more than capable for this today (especially if you use a GPU renderer) and makes you server into just a dumb data pipe that should be able to scale much better & more cheaply. One such renderer available via Qt/QML: https://doc.qt.io/qt-5/location-plugin-mapboxgl.html https://doc.qt.io/qt-5/location-plugin-mapboxgl.html Alternatively you can have a local daemon running that does the tile rendering on your device from offline data packs. This way even "legacy" apps requiring simple bitmap tiles will work without (major) changes. One such project providing this (among other APIs) is OSM Scout Server: https://github.com/rinigus/osmscout-server https://github.com/rinigus/osmscout-server