4 ms·

Ok, but what about de-sync? > the receiving node just rewinds to frame N, and recomputes it (and all frames after it) What about situation where frame N is a

• derefr 6y ago
  There usually is, though it's arbitrary — basically an implementation detail of the emulator which was tuned based on in-practice behavior observation. Input-event messages that haven't been integrated into the canonical state after a "long time" must be dropped/undone by those who did integrate them, including by the player who originally generated them. In effect, an implicit "anti-event" is generated saying the opposite of the original input-event message, and applied to history by all players who applied the original message. How do players tell if their event managed to become part of the consensus state? Depends on the networking protocol. In a gossip protocol, messages get sent to peers individually, and ACKed by those peers. In an elected-leader client-server protocol, as long as the server peer ACKs the message as "in the queue", it's canonical. In an IRC-like spanning-tree message-relay system†... something complicated involving vector clocks containing message IDs. † I don't think I've ever seen an emulator choose a hierarchical message-relay architecture. It makes good robustness+efficiency trade-offs, but it's just far too complex to work with compared to the alternatives. It's more the domain of MMOs, that need to be concerned with many nodes colocated in one site speaking to many nodes colocated at other sites.