Honestly given how little reproducibility there is in like 80% of the Dockerfiles I've seen in the wild it astounds me how this became a solution for packaging

Honestly given how little reproducibility there is in like 80% of the Dockerfiles I've seen in the wild it astounds me how this became a solution for packaging at all. Are solutions like source2image, jib, or the nix dockerTools.buildImage method gaining steam?