It’s definitely possible in some VMs. I’ve been working in a Ruby profiler that collects the stacks from a BPF program [1]. There are some BPF safety mechanisms

It’s definitely possible in some VMs. I’ve been working in a Ruby profiler that collects the stacks from a BPF program [1]. There are some BPF safety mechanisms that require some creativity to overcome such as max instructions, not being Turing complete, etc. [1]: https://github.com/facebookexperimental/rbperf https://github.com/facebookexperimental/rbperf