3 ms·

If you are referring to the following sentence in the introduction, I understood it to mean the opposite: > Moreover, mRNA vaccines induce transient antigen ex

If you are referring to the following sentence in the introduction, I understood it to mean the opposite: > Moreover, mRNA vaccines induce transient antigen expression, while DNA vaccines provide a long-lasting expression, thus mimicking an acute viral infection. Although a transitory gene expression might be desirable as it minimizes potential risks of genetic transformation, this inevitably affects mRNA potency, thus necessitating a dose increase. This means that mRNA reduce the risk of genetic transformation compared to DNA vaccines, but it comes as a price because you have to deliver a larger dose of mRNA.

MrBuddyCasino 6y ago
Yes that was the sentence. The expression "minimizes potential risks of genetic transformation" implies that there is a non-zero risk, and I'm curious how minimal it is.
- rolph 6y ago
  Biology is about finding a productive exception to the rules. This means that when circumstances say no you cant, biological entities find a work around. as a cover your ass practice, even the smallest chance of occurence means non zero chance. in this case an mRNA would have to be captured by a reverse transcription system most likely due to co-infection with a retro virus, that complex would have to be functional and would have to be transported into the nucleus. this is a very remote chance but non zero, thus : "minimizes potential risks of genetic transformation"
  - MrBuddyCasino 6y ago
    Would this be an accurate summary: „There is a slim chance the mRNA is incorporated into the DNA if there is an ongoing infection with a retro-virus during vaccination“?
    - rolph 6y ago
      somewhat less than slim. the RNA must interact with retroviral reverse transcriptase in a manner that makes a functional complex or it will just be snipped apart and decycled like garbage. RNA will fold and produce 2' structure this has interesting consequence. catalytic RNA, structural RNA, stabilizing or protective RNA.. [0] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RYwVnzYf4V8 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RYwVnzYf4V8 [1] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20358252/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20358252/ [2] https://sci-hub.st/https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-010-0346-2 https://sci-hub.st/https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-010-0346-2 [PDF] [3] https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Tania_Matamoros2/publication/221917300_Reverse_Transcriptase_and_Retroviral_Replication/links/56e6985e08ae65dd4cc1ad4f/Reverse-Transcriptase-and-Retroviral-Replication.pdf https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Tania_Matamoros2/public... [PDF] from the paper [3] above: "Reverse transcription initiates after binding of a cellular tRNA primer (in HIV-1, tRNA Lys,3 ), to the primer binding site (PBS). The PBS is a sequence of 18 nucleotides, located downstream of the 5’-end of the genomic RNA. The viral RNA that serves as template for reverse transcription is flanked by repeat (R) sequences at its 5 ́ and 3 ́ termini." the vaccine mRNA does not meet these requirements. retroviral RNA is configured to function with the reverse transcriptase. Promiscuity to include other RNA is exceptional not common. virally infected cells also undergo changes that exclude further infection so they have the cell to themselves. i would like to say zero chance, but life is in the business of sidestepping the rules to its advantage, however you have a much greater chance of being attacked by a shark while hiking the sahara dunes.
      - MrBuddyCasino 6y ago
        Thanks, appreciated.
      - MrBuddyCasino 6y ago
        Interestingly, it seems this has already happened with the virus being integrated into human DNA in rare cases, though apparently to no ill effect: https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/12/coronavirus-may-sometimes-slip-its-genetic-material-human-chromosomes-what-does-mean https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/12/coronavirus-may-some...
- stevehawk 6y ago
  you have a non zero chance of changing your DNA every time you do something.

MrBuddyCasino 6y ago

Yes that was the sentence. The expression "minimizes potential risks of genetic transformation" implies that there is a non-zero risk, and I'm curious how minimal it is.

rolph 6y ago
Biology is about finding a productive exception to the rules. This means that when circumstances say no you cant, biological entities find a work around. as a cover your ass practice, even the smallest chance of occurence means non zero chance. in this case an mRNA would have to be captured by a reverse transcription system most likely due to co-infection with a retro virus, that complex would have to be functional and would have to be transported into the nucleus. this is a very remote chance but non zero, thus : "minimizes potential risks of genetic transformation"
- MrBuddyCasino 6y ago
  Would this be an accurate summary: „There is a slim chance the mRNA is incorporated into the DNA if there is an ongoing infection with a retro-virus during vaccination“?
  - rolph 6y ago
    somewhat less than slim. the RNA must interact with retroviral reverse transcriptase in a manner that makes a functional complex or it will just be snipped apart and decycled like garbage. RNA will fold and produce 2' structure this has interesting consequence. catalytic RNA, structural RNA, stabilizing or protective RNA.. [0] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RYwVnzYf4V8 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RYwVnzYf4V8 [1] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20358252/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20358252/ [2] https://sci-hub.st/https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-010-0346-2 https://sci-hub.st/https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-010-0346-2 [PDF] [3] https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Tania_Matamoros2/publication/221917300_Reverse_Transcriptase_and_Retroviral_Replication/links/56e6985e08ae65dd4cc1ad4f/Reverse-Transcriptase-and-Retroviral-Replication.pdf https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Tania_Matamoros2/public... [PDF] from the paper [3] above: "Reverse transcription initiates after binding of a cellular tRNA primer (in HIV-1, tRNA Lys,3 ), to the primer binding site (PBS). The PBS is a sequence of 18 nucleotides, located downstream of the 5’-end of the genomic RNA. The viral RNA that serves as template for reverse transcription is flanked by repeat (R) sequences at its 5 ́ and 3 ́ termini." the vaccine mRNA does not meet these requirements. retroviral RNA is configured to function with the reverse transcriptase. Promiscuity to include other RNA is exceptional not common. virally infected cells also undergo changes that exclude further infection so they have the cell to themselves. i would like to say zero chance, but life is in the business of sidestepping the rules to its advantage, however you have a much greater chance of being attacked by a shark while hiking the sahara dunes.
    - MrBuddyCasino 6y ago
      Thanks, appreciated.
    - MrBuddyCasino 6y ago
      Interestingly, it seems this has already happened with the virus being integrated into human DNA in rare cases, though apparently to no ill effect: https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/12/coronavirus-may-sometimes-slip-its-genetic-material-human-chromosomes-what-does-mean https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/12/coronavirus-may-some...
stevehawk 6y ago
you have a non zero chance of changing your DNA every time you do something.