Another book recommendation: "Elements of Computing Systems" by Noam Nisan and Shimon Schocken. It doesn't go all the way down to the physics of semiconductors

Another book recommendation: "Elements of Computing Systems" by Noam Nisan and Shimon Schocken. It doesn't go all the way down to the physics of semiconductors, but it goes down to logic gates and all the way up to tetris (there's a related course/website called nand to tetris: https://www.nand2tetris.org/ https://www.nand2tetris.org/) If you want to go further down, check out Jeri Ellsworth's old videos where she built a transistor at home: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w_znRopGtbE https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w_znRopGtbE