The loan example comes up because of a long history of explicit discrimination in the US against Black borrowers (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redlining https:

The loan example comes up because of a long history of explicit discrimination in the US against Black borrowers (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redlining https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redlining). Because of that history, people are justifiably skeptical when someone says: "I know that this industry discriminated against you in the past, but trust me, this new and completely opaque system is TOTALLY not going to discriminate against you anymore." Especially when the new systems have demonstrable racial bias (https://www.realtor.com/news/trends/black-communities-higher-mortgage-rates/ https://www.realtor.com/news/trends/black-communities-higher... among many many other sources).