sudo -s launches a shell in non interactive mode (which goes through .bashrc or .zshenv and .zshrc depending on your shell) whereas sudo -i emulates a usrer log

sudo -s launches a shell in non interactive mode (which goes through .bashrc or .zshenv and .zshrc depending on your shell) whereas sudo -i emulates a usrer login which puts the shell in interactive mode (.profile, .zshenv) Also -i does more stuff to simulate a login like setting $HOME and cd'ing there. Usually you might want to use sudo -i or 'su -' which both simulate a login. But sudo su - really isn't needed any more since -i has been added