There is no metadata server. The clients access S3 directly, and keep their own caches of both metadata and data. I don't know how the clients cootrdinate their

There is no metadata server. The clients access S3 directly, and keep their own caches of both metadata and data. I don't know how the clients cootrdinate their writes and invalidate their caches, but somehow they do. From my perspective as a user, it just works.