While I could understand it in the spring, I would think by fall semester any competent professor would switch over to open-book exams. Honestly, the argument f

While I could understand it in the spring, I would think by fall semester any competent professor would switch over to open-book exams. Honestly, the argument for closed book exams which encourage wrote memorization, cramming and cheating instead of developing a useful understanding of the material was on shaky ground even before the pandemic.