In my experience knowing when to refactor and when to not is a main distinguishing factor for a senior vs junior role but seniors generally account for that in

In my experience knowing when to refactor and when to not is a main distinguishing factor for a senior vs junior role but seniors generally account for that in their planning and knowing when to push some additional time to prune the code. Similarly identifying when over-engineering is occurring is the flip side of that coin. One is preventative and one is reactive but they are both important.