> from the perspective of 3.), redistribution via tax looks like a dirty hack to mitigate the consequences of a deeper problem. Scenarios 1 and 2 don't exist i

> from the perspective of 3.), redistribution via tax looks like a dirty hack to mitigate the consequences of a deeper problem. Scenarios 1 and 2 don't exist in the real world. They are just theoretical models. Every law is a "dirty" hack, because the deeper problem is the nature of humans - which is to hoard privilege, wealth, power, and security - and the way that influences their societies. Almost every non natural constraint civilization has imposed on humans has been to either support one group's hold on power and security (i.e primogeniture in feudal societies, taxes imposed on non-believers in the state religion) or the opposite: to redistribute power and security across the broader population (Magna Carta, The New Deal, Social Security / Medicare in the US).