First figure is a joke. As many in the comments have pointed out about the actual situation, the two process models in the figure need to be swapped (better ye

First figure is a joke. As many in the comments have pointed out about the actual situation, the two process models in the figure need to be swapped (better yet: replace ML model with the words "no rhyme or reason ad-hoc BS"). As it stands, ML, data-science, computational-science, acadamics are the worst offenders when it comes to following a sane s/w engineering model for whatever they're doing. (for crying out loud, some even refuse to use anything other than FORTRAN-77 ... !!!) Every ML, data-science, academic team needs to hire at least one traditional s/w engineer experienced in proper modern s/w development. And they need to take that person seriously instead of being jackasses thinking they have the PhD degrees, or are PhD candidates, and that person doesn't.