I certainly cannot say what the solution is, but I can say that not speaking up, not getting noticed, and generally quietly toiling does not seem to attract opp

I certainly cannot say what the solution is, but I can say that not speaking up, not getting noticed, and generally quietly toiling does not seem to attract opportunities and promotion. Since people generally seem to underestimate the work and effort that any job other than their own takes, being quiet and capable means forever remaining quiet and capable in the same position. This applies to men and surely also applies to women (although there likely may be additional factors for women). My point is, regardless of what gender you are, being calculatedly outspoken and visible is surely a necessary element in one's career progression.