I think the clearest evidence for market failure is the complete lack of price transparency. Medical providers simply don't compete on price. Prices quoted are

I think the clearest evidence for market failure is the complete lack of price transparency. Medical providers simply don't compete on price. Prices quoted aren't actually prices. You have zero idea how much it's going to cost you until you get the bills, often split across dozens of providers, and what you see are the results of negotiations between providers and insurers.