Things got back and forth between open and closed - freedom and convenience. There is no end state. Once upon a time everyone thought IBM was invincible and th

Things got back and forth between open and closed - freedom and convenience. There is no end state. Once upon a time everyone thought IBM was invincible and then Intel and then Microsoft. Then what happened? To understand the cycle read - The Master Switch: The Rise and Fall of Information Empires by Tim Wu (of Net Neutrality fame).