I can’t speak for all countries, but in this situation the Swedish government have purposely few laws where they can act, in general, against groups of citizens

I can’t speak for all countries, but in this situation the Swedish government have purposely few laws where they can act, in general, against groups of citizens. Which is a problem with gang related crimes etc. In the case of a pandemic, the profession that handles it are doctors and their government body. But they only have the power for individuals and areas. Though even then the base idea of an individual right is heavier than the right to contain people. As such example, if an individual escapes from prison, the individual is not committing any crime. This is based on the idea of individuals freedom which is the base for all Swedish law.