It’s important to distinguish that that quote is referring the prevailing findings on cognitive outcomes, while the research paper I linked to looks at non-cogn

It’s important to distinguish that that quote is referring the prevailing findings on cognitive outcomes, while the research paper I linked to looks at non-cognitive outcomes, which do persist. I’m not an expert in the field but it’s an interesting question. It seems like a lot of research on childhood interventions converges around cognitive capacities being pretty innate, but socialization or behaviour being more affected by environment.