This does seem like excellent work. Maybe Etcher accomplishes some of this too. Seems to me the imaging is more perfect than the subsequent hardware interacti

This does seem like excellent work. Maybe Etcher accomplishes some of this too. Seems to me the imaging is more perfect than the subsequent hardware interaction. Different USB drives and controllers can have greatly dissimilar working geometries as they carry partitions & filesystems, so the hardware is not really interchangeable enough to begin with for direct imaging to be a very reliable means of getting a different partition and/or filesystem onto a flash drive for instance. The working layout may or may not be based on the _native_ detected geometry of the device. And mainboards can have their preferences as to which geometries they prefer and when. This can make data appear to disappear depending on where you plug in the USB drive, and more commonly cause difficulty booting. The IMG file of a floppy disk is standard but the blank disk always needed complete perfect sectors to write the IMG to, afterward their FAT12 filesystem was universally accessible and bootable just like it had actually been formatted indivdually by standard MSDOS. It was just a clone. The ISO of a CDROM is standardized too. USB drive behavior is not very standard, so an IMG or DD type file captured from a particular device can not be expected to perform indentically unless it is restored in an identical way to the original device or an equivalent device which has no show-stopping dissimilarity. Since the beginning until just recently USB flash drives were sold pre-formatted with FAT32. Now they are just getting too big for FAT32, so over 32GB has NTFS. Now not always will most of the drives in the world have been originally formatted with very Microsoft-compatible procedures. At least one major supplier has a fundamental formatting error propagated for years. Different mainboards will tolerate this to different degrees. Depending on what you start with the image you capture might not be the best to rely on. Defragmentation can also be an issue to work around. A Live Linux distribution intended for direct _burning_ to flash drives is not a good distribution method compared to burning the ISO to disk. Rufus is good because it takes a bootable ISO and writes it in a file-based way onto just about any USB device, and various USB drives end up more bootable than you can get from perfectly copying a prepared master image bitwise.