> $1 billion falls on the conservative side of the AI investment spectrum. When U.S. CTO Michael Kratsios revealed last September that U.S. government agencies

> $1 billion falls on the conservative side of the AI investment spectrum. When U.S. CTO Michael Kratsios revealed last September that U.S. government agencies requested nearly $1 billion in nondefense AI research spending for the fiscal year ending in September 2020, representatives from Intel, Nvidia, and IEEE said the U.S. would need to set aside more for AI R&D. Separately, national security think tank Center for a New American Security called for federal spending on high-risk/high-reward AI research to increase to $25 billion by 2025 to avoid “brain drain,” and the Stanford Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence asserts the government must spend $120 billion within the decade on AI research and education and the national AI ecosystem. While great to see progress in this area, this is ultimately not enough.