That sounds like a probabilistically verifiable proof. See http://people.csail.mit.edu/madhu/papers/2009/pcpcacm.pdf http://people.csail.mit.edu/madhu/papers/2

That sounds like a probabilistically verifiable proof. See http://people.csail.mit.edu/madhu/papers/2009/pcpcacm.pdf http://people.csail.mit.edu/madhu/papers/2009/pcpcacm.pdf for more.