> For example imagine that you put a drop of ink in a glass of water (with some sugar). If a butterfly drinks some water, it will not change the final equilibri

> For example imagine that you put a drop of ink in a glass of water (with some sugar). If a butterfly drinks some water, it will not change the final equilibrium state where the ink is evenly distributed. Yes and no. It will not change the equilibrium macrostate, but it will change the specific sequence of microstates the contents of the glass go through. Basically, if you take a snapshot of the glass in an hour, the ink will be evenly distributed regardless of what the butterfly does, but the specific positions of the ink molecules in the glass will be different. So if you use an external device that reads and amplifies a microstate of the glass, for example a device that reads the direction of the first atom that hits it, and you do this an hour, a day, a year after the ink was dropped, the result will be different depending on whether the butterfly drank or not.