The V8 blog mentions using a sea-of-nodes representation here: https://v8.dev/blog/turbofan-jit#more-sophisticated-optimizations https://v8.dev/blog/turbofan-ji

The V8 blog mentions using a sea-of-nodes representation here: https://v8.dev/blog/turbofan-jit#more-sophisticated-optimizations https://v8.dev/blog/turbofan-jit#more-sophisticated-optimiza..., though they don't say anything bad about it: > The TurboFan JIT implements more aggressive optimizations than CrankShaft through a number of advanced techniques. JavaScript enters the compiler pipeline in a mostly unoptimized form and is translated and optimized to progressively lower forms until machine code is generated. The centerpiece of the design is a more relaxed sea-of-nodes internal representation (IR) of the code which allows more effective reordering and optimization.