5 ms·

Wow, if epigenetic drugs could reactivate the critical period, it could be huge for language learning, why isn’t this popular knowledge? If it’s from 2013, are

Wow, if epigenetic drugs could reactivate the critical period, it could be huge for language learning, why isn’t this popular knowledge? If it’s from 2013, are there follow up studies which refute this? This would make VPA a major nootropic

reify_null 6y ago
VPA does have some side-effects, possibly depending on the person, which might conflict with it being used as a nootropic. For me it reduces ability to concentrate and makes moods less intense. The latter is expected behavior for BP treatment, but not what most people would like to trade for, what I would call, marginal benefits in comparison. There's a whole range of other side effects, some of which are pretty bad.
DanBC 6y ago
Valproate must not be used by pregnant women, and women of child-bearing age need to be made aware of the severe risks. On top of that, long term therapeutic use is linked to PCOS and potentially infertility in women. https://www.nice.org.uk/news/article/nice-publishes-a-summary-of-its-guidance-and-other-safety-advice-on-valproate https://www.nice.org.uk/news/article/nice-publishes-a-summar... https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg137/resources/valproate-in-children-young-people-and-adults-summary-of-nice-guidance-and-safety-advice-pdf-6723784045 https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg137/resources/valproate-i... https://bnf.nice.org.uk/drug/sodium-valproate.html https://bnf.nice.org.uk/drug/sodium-valproate.html > MHRA/CHM advice: Valproate medicines: contraindicated in women and girls of childbearing potential unless conditions of Pregnancy Prevention Programme are met (April 2018) > Valproate is highly teratogenic and evidence supports that use in pregnancy leads to neurodevelopmental disorders (approx. 30–40% risk) and congenital malformations (approx. 10% risk). > Valproate must not be used in women and girls of childbearing potential unless the conditions of the Pregnancy Prevention Programme are met (see Conception and contraception) and only if other treatments are ineffective or not tolerated, as judged by an experienced specialist. > Use of valproate in pregnancy is contra-indicated for migraine prophylaxis [unlicensed] and bipolar disorder; it must only be considered for epilepsy if there is no suitable alternative treatment (see Pregnancy). > Women and girls (and their carers) must be fully informed of the risks and the need to avoid exposure to valproate medicines in pregnancy; supporting materials have been provided to use in the implementation of the Pregnancy Prevention Programme (see Prescribing and dispensing Information). The MHRA advises that: > GPs must recall all women and girls who may be of childbearing potential, provide the Patient Guide, check they have been reviewed by a specialist in the last year and are on highly effective contraception; > Specialists must book in review appointments at least annually with women and girls under the Pregnancy Prevention Programme, re-evaluate treatment as necessary, explain clearly the conditions as outlined in the supporting materials and complete and sign the Risk Acknowledgement Form—copies of the form must be given to the patient or carer and sent to their GP; > Pharmacists must ensure valproate medicines are dispensed in whole packs whenever possible—all packs dispensed to women and girls of childbearing potential should have a warning label either on the carton or via a sticker. They must also discuss risks in pregnancy with female patients each time valproate medicines are dispensed, ensure they have the Patient Guide and have seen their GP or specialist to discuss their treatment and the need for contraception.

reify_null 6y ago

VPA does have some side-effects, possibly depending on the person, which might conflict with it being used as a nootropic. For me it reduces ability to concentrate and makes moods less intense. The latter is expected behavior for BP treatment, but not what most people would like to trade for, what I would call, marginal benefits in comparison. There's a whole range of other side effects, some of which are pretty bad.

DanBC 6y ago

Valproate must not be used by pregnant women, and women of child-bearing age need to be made aware of the severe risks. On top of that, long term therapeutic use is linked to PCOS and potentially infertility in women. https://www.nice.org.uk/news/article/nice-publishes-a-summary-of-its-guidance-and-other-safety-advice-on-valproate https://www.nice.org.uk/news/article/nice-publishes-a-summar... https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg137/resources/valproate-in-children-young-people-and-adults-summary-of-nice-guidance-and-safety-advice-pdf-6723784045 https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg137/resources/valproate-i... https://bnf.nice.org.uk/drug/sodium-valproate.html https://bnf.nice.org.uk/drug/sodium-valproate.html > MHRA/CHM advice: Valproate medicines: contraindicated in women and girls of childbearing potential unless conditions of Pregnancy Prevention Programme are met (April 2018) > Valproate is highly teratogenic and evidence supports that use in pregnancy leads to neurodevelopmental disorders (approx. 30–40% risk) and congenital malformations (approx. 10% risk). > Valproate must not be used in women and girls of childbearing potential unless the conditions of the Pregnancy Prevention Programme are met (see Conception and contraception) and only if other treatments are ineffective or not tolerated, as judged by an experienced specialist. > Use of valproate in pregnancy is contra-indicated for migraine prophylaxis [unlicensed] and bipolar disorder; it must only be considered for epilepsy if there is no suitable alternative treatment (see Pregnancy). > Women and girls (and their carers) must be fully informed of the risks and the need to avoid exposure to valproate medicines in pregnancy; supporting materials have been provided to use in the implementation of the Pregnancy Prevention Programme (see Prescribing and dispensing Information). The MHRA advises that: > GPs must recall all women and girls who may be of childbearing potential, provide the Patient Guide, check they have been reviewed by a specialist in the last year and are on highly effective contraception; > Specialists must book in review appointments at least annually with women and girls under the Pregnancy Prevention Programme, re-evaluate treatment as necessary, explain clearly the conditions as outlined in the supporting materials and complete and sign the Risk Acknowledgement Form—copies of the form must be given to the patient or carer and sent to their GP; > Pharmacists must ensure valproate medicines are dispensed in whole packs whenever possible—all packs dispensed to women and girls of childbearing potential should have a warning label either on the carton or via a sticker. They must also discuss risks in pregnancy with female patients each time valproate medicines are dispensed, ensure they have the Patient Guide and have seen their GP or specialist to discuss their treatment and the need for contraception.