Declarative programming is also an option, where data is directly encapsulated into state, and programming entails describing the state transitions. SQL is a ba

Declarative programming is also an option, where data is directly encapsulated into state, and programming entails describing the state transitions. SQL is a basic example of this, but it's also generally possible in other languages (eg template metaprogramming in C++). Prolog is a really cool language that operates solely on this principle.