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Can anyone recommend encoding settings for archiving DVD-Video discs created on a recorder? I've taken dd images, but can't find a reasonable "archival" h265 p

Can anyone recommend encoding settings for archiving DVD-Video discs created on a recorder? I've taken dd images, but can't find a reasonable "archival" h265 profile that doesn't come out larger than the original.

Lammy 6y ago
I've been meaning to write up a page on how to do this, but basically: - Take an ISO rip and never delete it since any additional encoding is a new derivative work of your data. - Run it through MakeMKV to get a Matroska file for each title - Assuming a video source (e.g. recorded TV shows or camcorder footage) use QTGMC to deinterlace the video from 60 fields per second to 60 frames per second. This will approximate the original look on today's screens by simulating the slight delay in the dimming of a CRT's phosphors after the electron beam excites them. - Crop the video if any black bars are present. Many DVDs have 8px of dead area on the left and right edges because they are rooted in the D-1 4:2:2 standard and often have a program area resolution of 702 or 704x480: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D-1_(Sony) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D-1_(Sony) - Convert the chroma from SD colorspace to HD colorspace to avoid them looking washed-out on modern displays: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rec._601 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rec._601 - Decide how to handle the aspect ratio. People use "anamorphic" to mean "widescreen DVD" but that's kinda a misnomer because all DVDs are anamorphic: its 720x480 pixel resolution is 3:2, halfway between 16:9 and 4:3. Each title sets a flag telling the display to stretch it ±18.6%, depending. You can leave it like this, setting the same DAR flag, but I've come to prefer resizing it myself to a square-pixel resolution since I'm usually cropping it anyway and VapourSynth will do a way better job than most displays can do on the fly. I also dislike the idea of throwing away horizontal pixel data by resizing 4:3 video down from 720x480 to 640x480, so some times I stretch it vertically instead, to 720x540 (or 720x544 with 4px black along the bottom if you want to follow the ATSC 3.0 HEVC recommendations). - Encode the video with x265. I have a personal "SD" tuning that I've been working on and would love to share once I can get some example clips together :) - Encode the probably-AC3 audio with FDK-AAC. I find it handles voices and other things better than faac thanks to its low-pass step, but for very high-bitrate sources (like concert DVDs) I disable that by using VBR-5: http://wiki.hydrogenaud.io/index.php?title=Fraunhofer_FDK_AAC http://wiki.hydrogenaud.io/index.php?title=Fraunhofer_FDK_AA... - Mux your new streams together into a new MKV, and take a moment to fill in all the metadata fields the container provides. You can even attach a JPEG named "cover.jpg" and have it display as the icon in Explorer!
- walterbell 6y ago
  Thanks for the writeup! Would BD be much different? Do you recommend converting x264 to x265 for Blu-Ray sources?
  - Lammy 6y ago
    BDs usually aren't interlaced or overscanned, so the hard part is done for you :) I do usually re-encode from from AVC to HEVC but with a more usual HD tuning. Not mine, but check out https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1u9fKNsRcLgc-1oVV5GhBgoPGO9vLpcn-x3NUgTmeC-0/edit#gid=0 https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1u9fKNsRcLgc-1oVV5GhB...
CharlesW 6y ago
As you've discovered, you can't transcode highly-compressed (meaning, encoded for distribution) digital media without either a quality or file size tradeoff. So, try to avoid that. If you want to merge related VOB files into one video file, that can be done losslessly with tools like tsMuxer[1]. [1] https://github.com/justdan96/tsMuxer https://github.com/justdan96/tsMuxer

Lammy 6y ago

I've been meaning to write up a page on how to do this, but basically: - Take an ISO rip and never delete it since any additional encoding is a new derivative work of your data. - Run it through MakeMKV to get a Matroska file for each title - Assuming a video source (e.g. recorded TV shows or camcorder footage) use QTGMC to deinterlace the video from 60 fields per second to 60 frames per second. This will approximate the original look on today's screens by simulating the slight delay in the dimming of a CRT's phosphors after the electron beam excites them. - Crop the video if any black bars are present. Many DVDs have 8px of dead area on the left and right edges because they are rooted in the D-1 4:2:2 standard and often have a program area resolution of 702 or 704x480: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D-1_(Sony) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D-1_(Sony) - Convert the chroma from SD colorspace to HD colorspace to avoid them looking washed-out on modern displays: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rec._601 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rec._601 - Decide how to handle the aspect ratio. People use "anamorphic" to mean "widescreen DVD" but that's kinda a misnomer because all DVDs are anamorphic: its 720x480 pixel resolution is 3:2, halfway between 16:9 and 4:3. Each title sets a flag telling the display to stretch it ±18.6%, depending. You can leave it like this, setting the same DAR flag, but I've come to prefer resizing it myself to a square-pixel resolution since I'm usually cropping it anyway and VapourSynth will do a way better job than most displays can do on the fly. I also dislike the idea of throwing away horizontal pixel data by resizing 4:3 video down from 720x480 to 640x480, so some times I stretch it vertically instead, to 720x540 (or 720x544 with 4px black along the bottom if you want to follow the ATSC 3.0 HEVC recommendations). - Encode the video with x265. I have a personal "SD" tuning that I've been working on and would love to share once I can get some example clips together :) - Encode the probably-AC3 audio with FDK-AAC. I find it handles voices and other things better than faac thanks to its low-pass step, but for very high-bitrate sources (like concert DVDs) I disable that by using VBR-5: http://wiki.hydrogenaud.io/index.php?title=Fraunhofer_FDK_AAC http://wiki.hydrogenaud.io/index.php?title=Fraunhofer_FDK_AA... - Mux your new streams together into a new MKV, and take a moment to fill in all the metadata fields the container provides. You can even attach a JPEG named "cover.jpg" and have it display as the icon in Explorer!

walterbell 6y ago
Thanks for the writeup! Would BD be much different? Do you recommend converting x264 to x265 for Blu-Ray sources?
- Lammy 6y ago
  BDs usually aren't interlaced or overscanned, so the hard part is done for you :) I do usually re-encode from from AVC to HEVC but with a more usual HD tuning. Not mine, but check out https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1u9fKNsRcLgc-1oVV5GhBgoPGO9vLpcn-x3NUgTmeC-0/edit#gid=0 https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1u9fKNsRcLgc-1oVV5GhB...

CharlesW 6y ago

As you've discovered, you can't transcode highly-compressed (meaning, encoded for distribution) digital media without either a quality or file size tradeoff. So, try to avoid that. If you want to merge related VOB files into one video file, that can be done losslessly with tools like tsMuxer[1]. [1] https://github.com/justdan96/tsMuxer https://github.com/justdan96/tsMuxer