"Today, it faces very modern threats including overtourism, a problem that will only be exasperated by plans for a new airport in the region." ...I don't think

"Today, it faces very modern threats including overtourism, a problem that will only be exasperated by plans for a new airport in the region." ...I don't think that's what "exasperated" means. The author may have been exasperated that the problem is likely to be exacerbated by the building of the airport, though.