Not only that, but in São Paulo a taxi license was in some places worth a lot of money. License owners would typically rent it, and would illegally hoard them,

Not only that, but in São Paulo a taxi license was in some places worth a lot of money. License owners would typically rent it, and would illegally hoard them, giving them to family members who never drove a taxi, just so he could have more and rent them out. Legally, one person could only own one. Then there are the taxi companies, which also hoarded hundreds of licenses, mostly through corrupt means.