It does generally exclude pastoralists. In fact, it pretty much ignores and overlooks them. There was definitely a time when most humans were hunter-gatherers,

It does generally exclude pastoralists. In fact, it pretty much ignores and overlooks them. There was definitely a time when most humans were hunter-gatherers, including or excluding pastoralists. The earliest evidence fore very much of either is only about 8000 years old. Hunting and gathering was probably the primary mode of food production while the pyramids were being built... even in areas near egypt. There is a very big BUT though. "Hunting and gathering" is an extremely big universe of possible lifestyles. Agriculture is a lot more monolithic.