https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stora_Enso https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stora_Enso so it's looks like perhaps there technically were some proto-joint-stock c

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stora_Enso https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stora_Enso so it's looks like perhaps there technically were some proto-joint-stock companies by the bubonic plague, but yes the article is quite bad, rather shockingly given the authors' academic credentials. I dunno what corner of academy they are from, but in every one I'm aware of, using historically-specific terminology like this in a different period is a major faux-pas.