Usually when a government attempts to change birth rates in the way you are imagining it is pro-natalist because more people magnifies the power of a state and

Usually when a government attempts to change birth rates in the way you are imagining it is pro-natalist because more people magnifies the power of a state and increases the revenue for a government. The big exception to this is China's one child policy. That had an ultimately minor effect as birth rates were already dropping and stayed low when the policy was lifted. One of the most infamous pro-natalist examples was Romania under Ceausescu. https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/ceausescus-forgotten-children-closing-last-romanias-communist-era-orphanages-1581371 https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/ceausescus-forgotten-children-clos... Another oppressive pro-natalist policy was pursued by the Islamic government of Iran in the 1980s. It ended in tears though as Iranian women did not see the sense in birthing children to be cannon fodder in the Iran-Iraq war. What followed was the steepest drop in birthrates ever recorded. So the government did influence the birthrate, but not in the intended direction. France and Hungary have had limited success with more humane pro-natalist policies. However, there is a proven and highly effective way for governments to reduce birthrates. Educate women. That is actually the main driver of falling birthrates worldwide.