Venmo is owned by Paypal. Zelle is owned by all of the big banks collectively (Bank of America, Capital One, Wells Fargo et al.). The closest thing to a "small"

Venmo is owned by Paypal. Zelle is owned by all of the big banks collectively (Bank of America, Capital One, Wells Fargo et al.). The closest thing to a "small" player is the Cash app, owned by Square. No commentary on the larger picture here or Amex/Discover, just pointing out your other examples don't exactly fit your point fully.