It's not a matter of possible, but whether the work has been done throughout the toolchain and runtime stacks. When OpenBSD implemented static PIE, -static and

It's not a matter of possible, but whether the work has been done throughout the toolchain and runtime stacks. When OpenBSD implemented static PIE, -static and -pie, the literal options and the code generation aspects more generally, were still mutually exclusive in GCC and clang. GCC required patching to enable both static linking and PIE generation. In fact, my local GCC 9.3 man page still says that -static overrides -pie; to build static PIE seems to require the special option -static-pie, in addition to -fPIE/-fPIC when building the object code. But it's not enough for the compiler and compile time linker to support it. libc and libstdc++/libc++ also need support, both internally as well as in the built libraries. And I think libdl might need support if you want dlopen to work from a static PIE binary. Likewise for libpthread. Supporting static PIE requires the cooperation of many moving parts. And that's just to support it. Making it easy, let alone the default behavior, so that it doesn't require many carefully coordinated, obscure flags without the risk of any misstep silently disabling some exploit mitigation, is yet another story. It can be done. It should be done. But to what extent has it been done? I'm not sure, though some quick Googling suggests GCC and clang are mostly there, at least in terms of nominal support (which, again, is distinct from fully supporting all the same mitigation measures). glibc seems to have gotten some support (e.g. --enable-static-pie in glibc's build), though I'm not sure whether it's available in distros. And I would guess that musl libc support is pretty far along, and presumably more mature than glibc's given that Rich Felker started experimenting with static PIE several years ago, shortly after OpenBSD did their work. See https://www.openwall.com/lists/musl/2015/06/01/12 https://www.openwall.com/lists/musl/2015/06/01/12