The Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer is scheduled to launch in 2022. It is scheduled to do 2 flybys of Europa, and several more of Callisto, before settling into orbi

The Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer is scheduled to launch in 2022. It is scheduled to do 2 flybys of Europa, and several more of Callisto, before settling into orbit around Ganymede in 2032. [1] The Europa Clipper is scheduled to launch in 2024. It will conduct many (wikipedia says 44) flybys of Europa before eventually being destroyed by radiation. The flybys should provide spectrometry and ground-penetrating radar images of the entire surface, and mass spectrometry of any dust it flies through at low altitudes. [2] Finally, the Europa Lander is currently proposed to launch in 2025. Among other objectives, it would analyze the composition of the ice, looking for chemical signs of life. [3] Unfortunately, neither of these Europa missions will provide spectacular, years-long presence like Spirit, Opportunity, Curiosity, or the various satellites in orbit around Mars. The radiation is too intense. Europa Clipper will do flybys to allow its instruments to capture brief deluges of data, then give the radios lots of time to transmit while the spacecraft isn't bathed in radiation. Europa Lander will not have solar panels or an RTG, instead being powered by non-rechargeable batteries. The battery duration roughly matches the estimated electronics lifespan in the high-rad environment: about 3 weeks. [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jupiter_Icy_Moons_Explorer https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jupiter_Icy_Moons_Explorer [2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa_Clipper https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa_Clipper [3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa_Lander_(NASA) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa_Lander_(NASA)