It is interesting to speculate about how a technology affected the zeitgeist, and directly or indirectly influenced subsequent work. My first programming langu

It is interesting to speculate about how a technology affected the zeitgeist, and directly or indirectly influenced subsequent work. My first programming language was APL, and it profoundly influenced how I think about programming. Lately I have been using numpy, and it feels awfully familiar to me! The authors of numpy acknowledge the influence of the APL/J school of thought on numpy. Have other people noticed the deep similarities between numpy and APL? (I will admit, words attributed to C.A.R. Hoare about Algol 60 have come to mind frequently: "Here is a language so far ahead of its time, that it was not only an improvement on its predecessors, but also on nearly all its successors.")