Maybe. The challenge you run into for devising radically new theory is that the optimization problem being solved in this work takes place within a broad but st

Maybe. The challenge you run into for devising radically new theory is that the optimization problem being solved in this work takes place within a broad but still-constrained "theory space". Specifically, from my quick read of it it looks like they're inferring components of a PDE of the form u_t = ϕL, where ϕ is a large dictionary of possible functions of u and its spatial derivatives, and L is a sparse coefficient matrix. This form covers a really broad class of PDEs, but for example, whatever theory ends up unifying QM and gravity probably won't be a fancier PDE of this form that we haven't found yet.