As a critic of the article, I'll answer. When you ask if the current state of the universe is "predictable", I'd say not by any machine or device that could ev

As a critic of the article, I'll answer. When you ask if the current state of the universe is "predictable", I'd say not by any machine or device that could ever be made, even in principle, that is a part of the system it's predicting. Almost anything you put together from atoms will have less memory and predicting power than would be required to predict the future state of that system, let alone the rest of the universe (else we could solve the halting problem, among many other things). No "devs project". That's not really what we tend to mean when we say deterministic or predictable, which is more like, could the future of the system be predicted by some unbounded machine that lives outside of the system, but is magically supplied with information about the system. As such, the "time" taken to make the prediction is also kind of irrelevant, because if that system even has a notion of time, it's on a different axis than our time. It would be like a piece on a checkerboard asking its neighbour how many turns it takes for a human to decide its opening move... human time just can't be observed by the checkers pieces who count the passage of time in checkers-turns. Nobody expects to see such a prediction made, but it's not a meaningless property.