From that article: > "A first limitation is that our analyses were constrained by the use of cross-sectional data, which precludes definitive assessment of dir

From that article: > "A first limitation is that our analyses were constrained by the use of cross-sectional data, which precludes definitive assessment of directionality of associations. For example, it could be that cardiovascular disease (or associated treatments) may also drive sleep fragmentation in addition to, or rather than, the other way around."